Ifayibha yentsimbi eyomeleziweyo ikhonkrithi (SFRC) luhlobo olutsha lwemathiriyeli ehlanganisiweyo enokugalelwa kwaye itshizwe ngokudibanisa isixa esifanelekileyo sosinga olufutshane lwentsimbi kwikhonkrithi eqhelekileyo. Iphuhliswe ngokukhawuleza ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe kwiminyaka yakutshanje. Iyoyisa iziphene zamandla aphantsi, ubude obuncinci obuncinci kunye nepropathi ebhityileyo yekhonkrithi. Ineempawu ezibalaseleyo ezinjengokuqina kokuqina, ukugoba ukugoba, ukuxhathisa ukucheba, ukumelana nokuqhekeka, ukuxhathisa ukudinwa kunye nokuqina okuphezulu. Isetyenziswe kubunjineli be-hydraulic, indlela kunye nebhulorho, ukwakhiwa kunye nezinye iindawo zobunjineli.

 

一.Ukuphuhliswa kwefiber yentsimbi eqinisiweyo ikhonkrithi

 

Ifayibha eyomeleziweyo ikhonkrithi (FRC) sisishunqulelo sefiber eqinisiweyo ikhonkrithi. Ngokuqhelekileyo i-samente-based composite eyenziwe nge-sement paste, udaka okanye ikhonkrithi kunye nefiber yensimbi, i-inorganic fiber okanye izinto eziqinisiweyo ze-organic fiber. Sisixhobo esitsha sokwakha esenziwe ngokusasaza ngokulinganayo iintsinga ezimfutshane kunye nezicolekileyo ezinamandla aphezulu okuqina, ubude obuphezulu kunye nokumelana okuphezulu kwealkali kwimatrix yekhonkrithi. Ifayibha kwikhonkrithi inokunciphisa ukuveliswa kokuqhekeka kwangaphambili kwikhonkrithi kunye nokwandiswa okungaphezulu kweentanda phantsi kwesenzo samandla angaphandle, ukoyisa ngokufanelekileyo iziphene ezingokwemvelo ezinjengokuqina okuphantsi, ukuqhekeka okulula kunye nokumelana nokudinwa kwekhonkrithi, kunye nokuphucula kakhulu ukusebenza. yokungangeni, ukungangeni kwamanzi, ukumelana neqabaka kunye nokuqiniswa kokhuseleko lwekhonkrithi. Ifayibha eyomeleziweyo ikhonkrithi, ngakumbi ikhonkrithi eyomeleziweyo yentsimbi, iye yatsala umdla ngakumbi nangakumbi kwizangqa zezemfundo nezobunjineli kubunjineli obusebenzayo ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo okuphezulu. Ngowe-1907 ingcali yaseSoviet uB П. I-Hekpocab yaqala ukusebenzisa ikhonkrithi yentsimbi eyomeleziweyo; Kwi-1910, i-HF Porter yapapasha ingxelo yophando malunga nefiber emfutshane eqinisiweyo ikhonkrithi, ebonisa ukuba iifayibha zetsimbi ezimfutshane kufuneka zihlakazwe ngokulinganayo kwikhonkrithi ukuqinisa izinto ze-matrix; Ngowe-1911, uGraham waseUnited States wongeza i-fiber yensimbi kwikhonkrithi eqhelekileyo ukuphucula amandla kunye nokuzinza kwekhonkrithi; Ngeminyaka yee-1940, iUnited States, iBritane, iFransi, iJamani, iJapan kunye namanye amazwe aye enze uphando oluninzi malunga nokusetyenziswa kwefiber yentsimbi ukuphucula ukuxhathisa ukunxitywa kunye nokumelana nokuqhekeka kwekhonkrithi, ubugcisa bokwenziwa kwekhonkrithi yentsimbi, kunye nokuphucula intsimbi. imilo yefiber yensimbi ukuphucula amandla okudibanisa phakathi kwefiber kunye ne-concrete matrix; Ngo-1963, uJP romualdi kunye no-GB Batson bapapasha iphepha kwindlela yokuphuhlisa i-crack ye-fiber yentsimbi evalelwe ikhonkrithi, kwaye babeka phambili isigqibo sokuba amandla okuqhekeka kwekhonkrithi yentsimbi eyomeleziweyo imiselwa ngumyinge wesithuba semicu yentsimbi edlala indima esebenzayo. kuxinzelelo lwe-tensile (ithiyori yokubeka i-fiber), ngaloo ndlela iqala inqanaba lophuhliso lwepraktikhali yale mathiriyeli intsha idibeneyo. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, ngokuthandwa kunye nokusetyenziswa kwekhonkrithi yentsimbi eyomeleziweyo, ngenxa yolwabiwo olwahlukileyo lweentsinga kwikhonkrithi, kukho iindidi ezine ikakhulu: ifayibha yentsimbi eyomeleziweyo, ikhonkrithi eyomeleziweyo, ifayibha yentsimbi eyomeleziweyo kunye nefayibha elayitiweyo. ikhonkrithi eyomeleziweyo.

 

二.Indlela yokuqinisa i-fiber yensimbi eqinisiweyo ikhonkrithi

 

1.Ithiyori edibeneyo yobuchwephesha. Ithiyori ye-mechanics edibeneyo isekelwe kwi-theory ye-fiber composites eqhubekayo kwaye idibaniswe neempawu zokusabalalisa iifayili zetsimbi kwikhonkrithi. Kule thiyori, ii-composites zithathwa njengezigaba ezibini ezinefiber njengesigaba esinye kunye ne-matrix njengesinye isigaba.

 

Ithiyori yokubeka isithuba kwiFayibha. Ithiyori yokubeka isithuba kwiFayibha, ekwaziwa ngokuba yithiyori yokumelana nokuqhekeka, iyacetywa ngokusekwe kumgca we-elastic fracture mechanics. Le thiyori ibambe ukuba isiphumo sokuqiniswa kweentsinga sinxulumene kuphela nesithuba sefayibha esabiwe ngokulinganayo (isithuba esincinci).

 

三.Uhlalutyo kwimeko yophuhliso lwefiber yentsimbi eqinisiweyo ikhonkrithi

 

1.Ifiber yentsimbi eqinisiweyo ikhonkrithi.Ifayibha yentsimbi eyomeleziweyo ikhonkrithi luhlobo lwekhonkrithi eyomeleziweyo elinganayo kunye ne-multi-directional eyenziwe ngokudibanisa intsimbi encinci yekhabhoni ephantsi, insimbi engenasici kunye nemicu ye-FRP kwikhonkrithi eqhelekileyo. Isixa sokuxuba i-fiber yensimbi ngokuqhelekileyo yi-1% ~ 2% ngevolumu, ngelixa i-70 ~ 100kg i-fiber yensimbi ixutywe kwi-cubic meter nganye yekhonkrithi ngobunzima. Ubude befiber yensimbi kufuneka bube yi-25 ~ 60mm, ububanzi kufuneka bube yi-0.25 ~ 1.25mm, kwaye umlinganiselo ongcono wobude ukuya kwi-diameter kufuneka ube ngu-50 ~ 700. Xa kuthelekiswa nekhonkrithi eqhelekileyo, ayikwazi nje ukuphucula i-tensile, ukucheba, ukugoba , ukunxiba kunye nokumelana nokuqhekeka, kodwa kuphucula kakhulu ukuqina kokuqhekeka kunye nokuchasana kwempembelelo yekhonkrithi, kwaye kuphuculwe kakhulu ukuxhathisa ukukhathala kunye nokuqina kwesakhiwo, ngakumbi ukuqina kunokunyuswa ngama-10 ~ 20 amaxesha. Iimpawu zomatshini wekhonkrithi yentsimbi eqinisiweyo kunye nekhonkrithi eqhelekileyo ithelekiswa neChina. Xa umxholo we-fiber yensimbi i-15% ~ 20% kunye nomlinganiselo we-samente wamanzi ngu-0.45, amandla okuqina anyuka nge-50% ~ 70%, amandla okuguquguquka anyuka nge-120% ~ 180%, amandla empembelelo anyuka nge-10 ~ 20 Amaxesha, amandla okudinwa kwempembelelo ayanda ngamaxesha angama-15 ~ 20, ukuqina kwe-flexural kwandisa ngamaxesha angama-14 ~ 20, kwaye ukuxhathisa ukunxiba kuphuculwe kakhulu. Ngoko ke, i-fiber yensimbi eqinisiweyo ikhonkrithi ineempawu ezingcono zomzimba kunye noomatshini kunekhonkrithi ecacileyo.

2.Hybrid fiber concrete. Idatha yophando echaphazelekayo ibonisa ukuba i-fiber yensimbi ayikhuthazi kakhulu amandla oxinzelelo lwekhonkrithi, okanye iyancipha; Xa kuthelekiswa nekhonkrithi ecacileyo, kukho izinto ezintle nezimbi (ukwanda kunye nokuncipha) okanye iimbono eziphakathi kwi-impermeability, ukuxhathisa ukunxiba, impembelelo kunye nokumelana nokuxhatshazwa kwe-fiber yentsimbi eqinisiweyo kunye nokuthintela ukushwabana kwangaphambili kweplastiki yekhonkrithi. Ukongeza, i-fiber yensimbi eqinisiweyo ikhonkrithi ineengxaki ezithile, ezifana ne-dosage enkulu, ixabiso eliphezulu, i-rust kwaye phantse akukho kumelana nokuqhuma okubangelwa ngumlilo, okuye kwachaphazela isicelo sayo kwii-degrees ezahlukeneyo. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, abanye abaphengululi basekhaya nabangaphandle baqala ukunikela ingqalelo kwi-hybrid fiber concrete (HFRC), bezama ukuxuba iintsinga ezineepropathi ezahlukeneyo kunye neenzuzo, bafunde omnye komnye, kwaye banike umdlalo "kwisiphumo esihle se-hybrid" kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo kwaye ukulayisha amanqanaba okuphucula iipropati ezahlukeneyo zekhonkrithi, ukuze kuhlangatyezwane neemfuno zeeprojekthi ezahlukeneyo. Nangona kunjalo, ngokumalunga neempawu zayo ezahlukeneyo zoomatshini, ngakumbi ukudinwa kwayo kunye nomonakalo wokudinwa, umthetho wophuhliso lwe-deformation kunye neempawu zomonakalo phantsi kwemithwalo ye-static kunye neguquguqukayo kunye ne-amplitude engaguqukiyo okanye imithwalo eguquguqukayo ye-amplitude ye-cyclic, eyona mali ilungileyo yokuxuba kunye nomxube wokudibanisa ifayibha, ubudlelwane. phakathi kwamacandelo ezinto ezidityanisiweyo, isiphumo esomelezayo kunye nendlela yokomeleza, ukusebenza okuchasene nokudinwa, indlela yokusilela kunye nobuchwepheshe bokwakha, Iingxaki zoyilo lomlinganiselo womxube kufuneka zifundwe ngakumbi.

3.I-Layered steel fiber ikhonkrithi eqinisiweyo.Ifayibha ye-monolithic eyomeleziweyo ikhonkrithi ayikho lula ukuyixuba ngokulinganayo, ifayibha kulula ukuyidibanisa, inani lefiber likhulu, kwaye ixabiso liphezulu kakhulu, elichaphazela ukusetyenziswa kwayo okubanzi. Ngokusebenzisa inani elikhulu lobunjineli kunye nophando lwethiyori, uhlobo olutsha lwesakhiwo sefiber yensimbi, i-layer steel fiber reinforced concrete (LSFRC), kucetywayo. Isixa esincinci se-fiber yensimbi sisasazwa ngokulinganayo kwiindawo eziphezulu kunye nezisezantsi kwi-slab yendlela, kwaye umbindi usengumaleko wekhonkrithi ocacileyo. I-fiber yensimbi kwi-LSFRC ihanjiswa ngokubanzi ngesandla okanye ngoomatshini. Ifayibha yentsimbi inde, kwaye umlinganiselo wedayamitha yobude ngokubanzi uphakathi kwe-70 ~ 120, ebonisa ulwabiwo olunamacala amabini. Ngaphandle kokuchaphazela iipropathi zoomatshini, le mathiriyeli ayinciphisi kakhulu kuphela isixa se-fiber yensimbi, kodwa iphinda ithintele isenzeko se-fiber agglomeration ekuxutyweni kwekhonkrithi eqinisiweyo. Ukongezelela, indawo yentsimbi ye-fiber layer kwikhonkrithi inempembelelo enkulu kumandla we-flexural yekhonkrithi. Impembelelo yokuqiniswa kwe-fiber fiber layer phantsi kwekhonkrithi iyona nto ibhetele. Ngesikhundla somgangatho we-fiber yensimbi ehamba phezulu, umphumo wokuqinisa uyancipha kakhulu. Amandla aguquguqukayo e-LSFRC angaphezulu kwe-35% ephezulu kunekhonkrithi ecacileyo kunye nomlinganiselo ofanayo wokuxuba, ongaphantsi kancinane kune-fiber ye-fiber yentsimbi eqinisiweyo. Nangona kunjalo, i-LSFRC inokugcina iindleko ezininzi zezinto eziphathekayo, kwaye akukho ngxaki yokuxuba okunzima. Ngoko ke, i-LSFRC yinto entsha eneenzuzo zentlalontle kunye nezoqoqosho kunye nethemba elibanzi lesicelo, elifanele ukuthandwa kunye nokusetyenziswa kulwakhiwo lwe-pavement.

 

4.Ikhonkrithi yefayibha elenziwe ileyidi.I-Layer hybrid fiber reinforced concrete (LHFRC) yimathiriyeli edibeneyo eyenziwe ngokudibanisa i-0.1% ye-polypropylene fiber kwisiseko se-LSFRC kwaye isasaze ngokulinganayo inani elikhulu lemicu ye-polypropylene ecolekileyo kunye nemfutshane enamandla amakhulu kunye nobude obuphezulu obuphezulu kwintsimbi ephezulu nangaphantsi. ikhonkrithi yefayibha kunye nekhonkrithi ecacileyo kuluhlu oluphakathi. Inokuboyisa ubuthathaka be-LSFRC ephakathi umaleko wekhonkrithi ecacileyo kwaye ithintele iingozi ezinokuthi zibe kho zokhuseleko emva kokuba ifayibha yomphezulu igugile. I-LHFRC inokunyusa kakhulu amandla e-flexural ekhonkrithi. Xa kuthelekiswa nekhonkrithi ecacileyo, amandla ayo aguquguqukayo ekhonkrithi ecacileyo anyuka malunga ne-20%, kwaye xa kuthelekiswa ne-LSFRC, amandla ayo aguquguqukayo anyuka nge-2.6%, kodwa ayinayo impembelelo encinci kwi-flexural elastic modulus yekhonkrithi. I-flexural elastic modulus ye-LHFRC yi-1.3% ephezulu kunekhonkrithi engenanto kunye ne-0.3% ephantsi kune-LSFRC. I-LHFRC inokunyusa kakhulu ukuqina kwe-flexural yekhonkrithi, kunye ne-flexural toughness index yayo malunga namaxesha e-8 yekhonkrithi ecacileyo kunye ne-1.3 amaxesha e-LSFRC. Ngaphezu koko, ngenxa yokusebenza okwahlukileyo kweentsinga ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu kwi-LHFRC kwikhonkrithi, ngokweemfuno zobunjineli, isiphumo esilungileyo se-hybrid yefayibha zokwenziwa kunye nefiber yensimbi kwikhonkrithi ingasetyenziselwa ukuphucula kakhulu i-ductility, ukuqina, ukuqina, amandla okuqhekeka. , amandla okuguquguquka kunye nokuqina kwezinto eziphathekayo, ukuphucula umgangatho wezinto eziphathekayo kunye nokwandisa ubomi benkonzo yezinto eziphathekayo.

—-Isishwankathelo (i-Shanxi architecture, Vol. 38, No. 11, Chen Huiqing)